Endoscopic Ultrasound Atlas
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Lung cancer (N staging)

Advanced lung cancer T4N2M1 Feb 19, 2009
Patient with advanced lung cancer, with pleural fluid and mediastinal invasion of the centrally located lung tumor (T4). Multiple lymph nodes, up to 3 cm, in the aortopulmonary window, visualized by EUS elastography as inhomogenous hard (predominantly blue), confirmed by EUS-FNA as malignant (N2). Enlarged left adrenal gland, also confirmed as malignant by EUS-FNA (M1).
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Peripheral lung cancer Feb 18, 2009
Multiple mediastinal lymph nodes with a diameter up to 3 cm, in the aorto-pulmonary window and subcarinal space. The diagnosis of mediastinal metastasis from a peripheral lung tumor was confirmed by EUS-guided FNA. Immune-cytochemistry for AE1/AE3 was also positive.
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Lung cancer (N3) Feb 5, 2005
Patient with biopsy-confirmed right broncho-pulmonary carcinoma with a 25 mm lymphnode in the aorto-pulmonary window (station 5). The lymph node was hypoechoic, oval, with calcifications and central vascular signals demonstrated by power Doppler EUS. EUS-guided FNA showed atypical cells in a background of lymphocytes and erythrocytes. The patient was staged as T3N3Mx (stage IIIb), being subsequently reffered to chemotherapy.
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